1. In Physics, what is the name given to the ‘Study of Motion’?
2. (a) Which gas has the smell of rotten eggs?
   (b) What poisonous gas is emitted with the exhaust from a car’s engine?
3. (a) What is the most common of all metals in the earth’s crust?
   (b) What are the two gases commonly used to fill scientific balloons?
4. When litmus paper turns red, does this indicate the presence of an acid or an alkali?
5. Match these inventors and their inventions discoveries:
   (a) Benjamin Franklin - Law of Gravitation
   (b) J. B. Priestley - Radium
   (c) C. V. Raman - Lightning conductor
   (d) Madame Curie - Laughing gas
   (e) Isaac Newton - Crystal dynamics
6. What is the name for the smallest portion of an element?
7. Is glass a solid or a liquid?
8. (a) What acid is present in vinegar?
   (b) Sodium Chloride is the chemist’s name for household substance commonly used. What is it?
9. (a) What gas is expelled by (i) plants, (ii) animals?
   (b) What percentage of the Earth’s water is drinkable?
10. (a) What was the first radio-active element to be discovered?
    (b) Which acid is used in a car battery?
    (c) What is the most important constituent of moth balls?
11. (a) In which branch of mathematics are ‘numbers represented by letters’?
    (b) Which Greek mathematician is regarded as the ‘Founder of Geometry’?
12. (a) A line which touches a curve, but does not cut it, is known as what?
    (b) If a line approaches a curve, but never touches it, what is it called?
13. (a) What important mathematical notation did India give to the world?
    (b) Which mathematician was responsible for the introduction of logarithms?
14. (a) What is an abacus, where did it come from?
    (b) Which ancient civilization is said to have developed the decimal system, hundreds of years before it was used in Europe?
15. (a) What is a figure bounded by more than four straight lines called?
    (b) What is the geometrical shape of cells in a hive called?
16. What significance is there when you add the number of letters in the names of the playing cards in a deck?
17. How many equal angles are there in an Isosceles Triangle?
18. What number cannot be represented in Roman numerals?
19. What number, when squared, is one-third of its cube?
20. What does the letter ‘C’ means in Roman numerals?

Answers

1. Kinematics
2. (a) Hydrogen Sulphide (H₂S)
   (b) Carbon monoxide
3. (a) Aluminum
   (b) Helium and hydrogen. Today helium is used much more than hydrogen, because it is not inflammable.
4. Acid
5. (a) Benjamin Franklin – Lightning conductor
   (b) J. B. Priestley – Laughing gas
   (c) Madame Curie – Radium
   (d) Isaac Newton – Law of Gravitation
6. An atom
7. It is a super-cooled liquid
8. (a) Acetic acid
   (b) Salt
9. (a) (i) Oxygen (ii) Sulphuric acid
   (b) One per cent
10. (a) Uranium
    (b) Sulphuric acid
    (c) Naphthalene, a white crystalline cyclic hydrocarbon
11. (a) Algebra
    (b) Euclid
12. (a) A tangent
    (b) An asymptote
13. (a) The Zero
    (b) Charles Napier
14. (a) The abacus is a calculating frame with balls sliding on wires. It originated in Egypt in 2000 B.C.
    (b) The Incas.
15. (a) Polygon
    (b) Hexagon
16. When you add up the number of letters in the names of the playing cards ace (3), Three (5), four (4), five (4), six (3), seven (5), eight (5), nine (4), ten (3), Jack (4), Queen (5), King (4) – the total comes to 52, the exact number of cards in a deck.
17. Two
18. Zero
19. 3
20. 100

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